In this stage of my free inquiry, I have decided to translate a long text on Korean public-school education, focusing on vocabulary related to education. I have finished the first paragraph, and I will complete the English translation to this text in the coming week.

ν•œκ΅­μ—μ„œ μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅μ˜ μ€‘ν•™κ΅λŠ” 의무ꡐ윑으둜 이루어지기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 일뢀 특수λͺ©μ  μ€‘ν•˜κ΅λ₯Ό μ œμ™Έν•˜λ©΄ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μ‹œν—˜μ„ 보지 μ•Šκ³  μž…ν•™ν•œλ‹€. κ³ λ“±ν•™κ΅λŠ” 의무 κ΅μœ‘μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ 거의 λͺ¨λ“  학생듀이 고등학ꡐ에 μ§„ν•™ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. ν•œκ΅­μ—μ„œ κ³ λ“±ν•™κ΅κΉŒμ§€ λ§ˆμΉ˜λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ λΉ„μœ¨μ€ 2014λ…„ κΈ°μ€€ 98% OECD κ΅­κ°€ 평균인 82%보닀 λ†’λ‹€. ν•œκ΅­μ˜ 고등학ꡐ 이수 λΉ„μœ¨μ΄ 높은 것은 λŒ€ν•™ 진학을 ν¬λ§ν•˜λŠ” 학생듀이 λ§Žλ‹€λŠ” 점과 κ΄€λ ¨ κΉŠλ‹€.

[In Korea, elementary and middle school are compulsory and except for some special purpose middle schools, most students enter without having to take a special entrance exam. High school is not compulsory but almost students progress to high school.  The rate of high school graduation in Korea is 98%, higher than the OECD average high school graduation rate of 82%. The high rate of high school completion in Korea is highly connected to desire of many Korean students to enter university.]

λŒ€ν•™κ΅μ— μž…ν•™ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 일반적으둜 λŒ€ν•™μˆ˜λŠ₯λ ₯(수λŠ₯)μ„μΉ˜λ₯Έλ‹€. 수λŠ₯은 고등학ꡐ μ‘Έμ—… μ˜ˆμ •μžλ‚˜ μ‘Έμ—…μž 및 이에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” ν•™λ ₯을 κ°€μ§„ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λ©΄ λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ 볼수 있고 λ§€λ…„ 11월에 μ‹€μ‹œλœλ‹€. 수λŠ₯은 λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ 곡뢀할 수 μžˆλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” μ‹œν—˜μœΌλ‘œ, λŒ€ν•™ 진학을 μœ„ν•΄ μΉ˜λŸ¬μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‹œν—˜μ΄λΌκ³  ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 수λŠ₯ 이외에도 각 λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ λ©΄μ ‘, λ…Όμˆ  등을 거친 후에 λŒ€ν•™μ— μ§„ν•™ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. ν•œκ΅­μ˜ λŒ€ν•™ μ§„ν•™λ₯ μ€ κ²½μ œν˜‘λ ₯ 개발기ꡬ (OECD) κ΅­κ°€ 졜고 μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œ 2014μ—λŠ” μ•½ 70%에 λ‹¬ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.

In order to enter university, students generally sit the national university entrance exam. The entrance exam is available to high school graduates and those preparing to graduate and is taken annually in November. As a exam which gauges a student’s ability to be able study at the university level, this exam is the most important test that students must take to advance to post-secondary education. Even besides the entrance exam, students must go through interviews and an in-class essay to enter university. Korea’s university entrance rate in 2014 reached 70%, which is the highest rate of post-secondary matriculation among OECD nations.

ν•œκ΅­μ—μ„œ κ΅μœ‘μ€ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ§€μœ„λ₯Ό μƒμŠΉμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ 방법 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ μΈμ‹λœλ‹€. λ¬Όλ‘  κ°€μ • λ°°κ²½ 등도 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, ν•™λ ₯은 μ·¨μ—…κ³Ό μž„κΈˆμ— λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 고등학ꡐ μ‘Έμ—…μžκ°€ 처음 λ°›λŠ” 연봉을 100이라고 ν•  λ•Œ 쀑학ꡐ μ΄ν•˜ μ‘Έμ—…μžκ°€ 71, μ „λ¬ΈλŒ€ μ‘Έμ—…μžκ°€ 116, λŒ€ν•™κ΅ 이상 μ‘Έμ—…μžκ°€ 161둜 μ§‘κ³„λ˜μ–΄ ν•œκ΅­μ˜ ν•™λ ₯별 μž„κΈˆμ°¨μ΄λŠ” OECD κ΅­κ°€ μ€‘μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λŒ€ν•™μ„ λ‚˜μ™€μ•Ό μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ μ§€μœ„κ°€ μ˜¬λΌκ°€κ³  μ·¨μ—…, 결혼 등에 μœ λ¦¬ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 생각 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 쒋은 λŒ€ν•™μ— κ°€κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 경쟁이 μΉ˜μ—΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ²Œμ–΄μ§€κ³ , λ§Žμ€ λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ΄ λΉ„μ‹Ό λ“±λ‘κΈˆμ„ κ°λ‹Ήν•˜λ©΄μ„œλ„ μžλ…€λ₯Ό 기꺼이 λŒ€ν•™μ— 보내렀고 ν•œλ‹€. 이와 같은 이유둜 ν•œκ΅­μ˜ λŒ€ν•™ μ§„ν•™λ₯ μ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ— λΉ„ν•΄ 맀우 λ†’κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€κ³  ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.

Education in Korea is acknowledged as one of the important ways to improve social mobility/class. Family background is obviously important, but education has a big effect on employment and income.  In fact, if a typical high school graduate receives a salary with a value of 100, those with education levels of middle school or lower is 71, technical college 116, and university graduate and above 161 which reveals that income disparity in Korea per education attainment is the highest in the OECD. Due to the belief that university graduation raise one’s social position and is advantageous for employment and marriage, competition to enter a good university is fierce, and many parents will gladly try to send their children to university even though they have to bear expensive tuition fees. For these reasons, Korea’s university matriculation rate is higher compared to other countries.